During a home remodel or new construction, a bathroom can be one of the more complicated spaces to plan. Unless you have unusually ample square footage to devote the bathroom, the obligatory bathroom components—toilet, sink, tub/shower, and storage—can consume all of the usable space and leave very little flexibility for the room’s design. Ideally, you attempt to arrange these elements in a way that is both visually pleasing and functional.

The standard bathroom runs a mere 5 by 7 feet, and, in many cases, the space may dictate only one possible layout. Other bathrooms may be set in unusual spaces that present their own challenges. If you have the luxury of some open space, however, an informed bathroom design can yield rewarding results.

As with all design work, it helps to begin by thinking about your needs and setting a priority list. Ask yourself and your family some questions:

* How many people will use this bathroom regularly? One, two, more? If more than one, you may want to make the bathroom usable for two people simultaneously. That can mean a double lavatory area with two sinks and mirrors, a separate shower and tub, or even a shower that accommodates two.

* Do you only take showers? A tub may be superfluous in that case. You may want to take the money you save from not installing a tub and invest in multiple showerheads to add to your shower experience.

* Do you enjoy relaxing in a bath? Opting for a larger soaking tub with whirlpool jets may be worth the expense.

* Does anyone apply makeup in the bathroom? A separate, perhaps seated, vanity area with makeup storage and bright, clear-light mirror and face-high magnifying mirror might be a welcome addition.

* Do you crave privacy? Setting the toilet behind a closed door within the bathroom itself guarantees it.

As you answer these questions and others, you will begin to see the components you need to incorporate and your new bathroom will begin to take shape. Now is the time to consider the big-picture items, both visual and practical, that will pull it all together.