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If your smoke detectors are hardwired, you will need to have a qualified electrician do the initial installation. All you need for battery-powered detectors is a screwdriver; some brands are even self-adhering and stick to the wall or ceiling where they are placed.
For all smoke-alarm installations, be sure you follow the manufacturer’s instructions because there are differences between brands.
If you are uncomfortable standing on a ladder, ask a relative or friend for help. Some fire departments will install a smoke alarm in your home for you. Call your local fire department (on a non-emergency telephone number) if you need help installing a smoke alarm.