There are several common causes of water heater seepage, ranging from loose valves to corroded water tanks. However, water pooling around your heater does not always indicate a leak. In many cases, condensation forms when cold water fills the tank and then drips down. If the problem appears when the tank is first filled or during chilly seasons (when incoming water is particularly cold) but then disappears when the water has had a chance to warm up, this usually indicates condensation.

If condensation is not your issue, check out the parts below:

Temperature-pressure relief valve. Water may be coming from the temperature-pressure relief (TPR) valve, which releases water when it senses excess pressure. Excess pressure can be caused by the temperature being set too high, by the main water supply pressure to your house being too strong, or by special valves that reduce water pressure in your water supply system not allowing for hot water expansion in the tank. Or, the TPR valve itself may be faulty. If you find the leak is coming from your TPR valve, consult your owner’s manual for instructions on what to do or contact an appliance repairperson immediately—if too much pressure builds up, your tank could explode.

Drain valve. You can take care of some water leaks simply by tightening the drain valve. If the valve itself is defective, you will need to replace it.

Vent. On gas water heaters, check for obstructions in the vent. If you find any, shut off the water heater and clean out the flue. If the problem persists, call a plumber.

Heating element gasket. On electric water heaters, sometimes leaks can spring from heating element gaskets. Turn off the electrical power, shut down your water supply, and drain all the water out of your heater before replacing the gasket. Also, before turning the power back on, be sure to turn on the water supply to the heater and run hot water into a sink in your house to release air from the water heater tank. Failure to do so could destroy your heating element.

Water pipes. Inspect the water pipes connected to your water heater. If you find the leak is coming from your pipes, tighten the fitting where water is escaping (but be careful not to over-tighten). If tightening does not work, you will have to replace the fitting.

Tank. Water heaters have limited life spans; it’s possible that your tank has become corroded. If that’s the case, the water heater must be replaced and you’ll probably need to contact a qualified water heater repairperson.