To reduce wasted energy, the U.S. Department of Energy has established minimum efficiency

The minimum allowable SEER rating for new central air conditioners had been 10, but it was changed to 13 in January 2006. The most efficient models have SEERs of 15 to 17.

When buying, watch the terminology. "High efficiency" models were those rated a 10. "Super-high" efficiency models had a SEER of from 11 to 12. "Ultra-high" efficiency models were 12 and over. To achieve particularly high SEERs, air conditioners may have any number of energy-saving features, typically large coils for more efficient heat transfer and variable speed blower and fan motors to reduce electricity consumption.

The York Stellar Ultra features two compressors that work in tandem when high cooling capacity is needed; the rest of the time, only one of the compressors operates. These, combined with a variable-speed motor, achieve a SEER rating of 16.7.

Programmable thermostats also help by offering precise control. Another energy-saving feature is a fan that stays on long enough to utilize residual cool air that remains after the compressor turns off. And some units have an indicator light that lets you know when the filter needs changing, which also boosts efficiency by ensuring proper maintenance.

Do you need an ultra-high efficiency air conditioner? Not necessarily. Of course, for the sake of the environment--from energy usage to greenhouse gasses--the higher the efficiency, the better. But, in terms of dollars, the savings compared to the premium you will pay may not pencil-out for you, particularly if you live in a climate that requires little cooling during the year. Or if your home isn't tightly insulated, all the gains of a premium model may not be worth it. On the other hand, where an air conditioner must run frequently during the year, a highly efficient model will pay for itself in energy savings over a period of years.

One note about replacing an aging system: Be sure to replace both the outdoor condensing unit and the indoor evaporator. If you just replace the condensing unit, potential gains of a higher-efficiency unit may be lost.

More about Central Air Conditioners:

• Air Conditioners: Central or Portable?
• Central Air Conditioner Cost Considerations
• Central Air Conditioner Warranties
• Central Air Conditioners: Cooling Capacity
• Central Air Conditioners: The Ozone Issue
• Reducing the Load on Your Central Air Conditioner

 

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Photo courtesy of Lennox.